Removed wrong usage of effectively
Signed-off-by: Jim Martens <github@2martens.de>
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@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ algorithmic accountability~\cite{Diakopoulos2014}.
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Supervised neural networks learn from input-output relations and
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figure out by themselves what connections are necessary for that.
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This feature is also their Achilles heel: it makes them effectively
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This feature is also their Achilles heel: in effect, it makes them
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black boxes and prevents any answers to questions of causality.
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However, these questions of causality are of enormous consequence when
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@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ class of any given input. In this thesis, I will work with both.
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More specifically, I will look at object detection in the open set
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conditions (see figure \ref{fig:open-set}).
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In non-technical terms this effectively describes
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the conditions \gls{CCTV} and robots outside of a laboratory operate in. In both cases images are recorded with cameras. In order to detect objects, a neural network has to analyse the images
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In non-technical terms, this describes
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the conditions \gls{CCTV}, and robots outside of a laboratory operate in. In both cases images are recorded with cameras. In order to detect objects, a neural network has to analyse the images
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and return a list of detected and classified objects that it
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finds in the images. The problem here is that networks can only
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classify what they know. If presented with an object type that
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@ -636,7 +636,7 @@ For this thesis, weights pre-trained on the sub data set trainval35k of the
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COCO data set are used. These weights have been created with closed set
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conditions in mind, therefore, they have been sub-sampled to create
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an open set condition. To this end, the weights for the last
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20 classes have been thrown away, making these classes effectively unknown.
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20 classes have been thrown away, making these classes, in effect, unknown.
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All images of the minival2014 data set are used but only ground truth
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belonging to the first 60 classes is loaded. The remaining 20
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@ -840,7 +840,7 @@ is lower but in an insignificant way. The rest of the performance metrics are
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almost identical after rounding.
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The results for Bayesian \gls{SSD} show a significant impact of \gls{NMS} or the lack thereof: maximum \(F_1\) score of 0.363 (with NMS) to 0.226
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(without NMS). Dropout was disabled in both cases, making them effectively
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(without NMS). Dropout was disabled in both cases, making them, in effect,
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\gls{vanilla} \gls{SSD} with multiple forward passes.
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With an open set error of 809, the Bayesian \gls{SSD} variant with disabled dropout and
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