uni/neural-networks/outline.tex

\documentclass[12pt,twoside]{scrartcl}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Meta informations:
\newcommand{\trauthor}{Jim Martens}
\newcommand{\trtype}{Seminar Paper} %{Seminararbeit} %{Proseminararbeit}
\newcommand{\trcourse}{Neural Networks}
\newcommand{\trtitle}{Outline - Second Environmental Feedback Loop}
\newcommand{\trmatrikelnummer}{6420323}
\newcommand{\tremail}{2martens@informatik.uni-hamburg.de}
\newcommand{\trarbeitsbereich}{Knowledge Technology, WTM}
\newcommand{\trdate}{26.04.2018}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Languages:

% Falls die Ausarbeitung in Deutsch erfolgt:
% \usepackage[german]{babel}
% \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
% \usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
% \usepackage[latin9]{inputenc}
% \selectlanguage{german}

% If the thesis is written in English:
\usepackage[spanish,english]{babel}
\selectlanguage{english}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Bind packages:
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} % Unicode funktioniert unter Windows, Linux und Mac
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{acronym}                    % Acronyms
\usepackage{algorithmic}								% Algorithms and Pseudocode
\usepackage{algorithm}									% Algorithms and Pseudocode
\usepackage{amsfonts}                   % AMS Math Packet (Fonts)
\usepackage{amsmath}                    % AMS Math Packet
\usepackage{amssymb}                    % Additional mathematical symbols
\usepackage{amsthm}
\usepackage{booktabs}                   % Nicer tables
%\usepackage[font=small,labelfont=bf]{caption} % Numbered captions for figures
\usepackage{color}                      % Enables defining of colors via \definecolor
\definecolor{uhhRed}{RGB}{254,0,0}		  % Official Uni Hamburg Red
\definecolor{uhhGrey}{RGB}{122,122,120} % Official Uni Hamburg Grey
\usepackage{fancybox}                   % Gleichungen einrahmen
%\usepackage{fancyhdr}										% Packet for nicer headers
\usepackage[automark]{scrlayer-scrpage}
\usepackage[hidelinks]{hyperref}\urlstyle{rm}
%\usepackage{fancyheadings}             % Nicer numbering of headlines

%\usepackage[outer=3.35cm]{geometry} 	  % Type area (size, margins...) !!!Release version
%\usepackage[outer=2.5cm]{geometry} 		% Type area (size, margins...) !!!Print version
%\usepackage{geometry} 									% Type area (size, margins...) !!!Proofread version
\usepackage[outer=3.15cm]{geometry} 	  % Type area (size, margins...) !!!Draft version
\geometry{a4paper,body={5.8in,9in}}

\usepackage{graphicx}                   % Inclusion of graphics
%\usepackage{latexsym}                  % Special symbols
\usepackage{longtable}									% Allow tables over several parges
\usepackage{listings}                   % Nicer source code listings
\usepackage{multicol}										% Content of a table over several columns
\usepackage{multirow}										% Content of a table over several rows
\usepackage{rotating}										% Alows to rotate text and objects
\usepackage[hang]{subfigure}            % Allows to use multiple (partial) figures in a fig
%\usepackage[font=footnotesize,labelfont=rm]{subfig}	% Pictures in a floating environment
\usepackage{tabularx}										% Tables with fixed width but variable rows
\usepackage{url,xspace,boxedminipage}   % Accurate display of URLs

\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage[
backend=biber,
bibstyle=ieee,
citestyle=ieee,
minnames=1,
maxnames=2
]{biblatex}

\addbibresource{bib.bib}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Configurationen:

\hyphenation{whe-ther} 									% Manually use: "\-" in a word: Staats\-ver\-trag

%\lstloadlanguages{C}                   % Set the default language for listings
\DeclareGraphicsExtensions{.pdf,.svg,.jpg,.png,.eps} % first try pdf, then eps, png and jpg
\graphicspath{{./src/}} 								% Path to a folder where all pictures are located
%\pagestyle{fancy} 											% Use nicer header and footer
\pagestyle{scrheadings}

% Redefine the environments for floating objects:
\setcounter{topnumber}{3}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{4}
\renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.9} 			  %Standard: 0.7
\renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{0.5}		  %Standard: 0.3
\renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.1}		  	%Standard: 0.2
\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.8} 	%Standard: 0.5

% Tables with a nicer padding:
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Additional 'theorem' and 'definition' blocks:
\theoremstyle{plain}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
%\newtheorem{theorem}{Satz}[section]		% Wenn in Deutsch geschrieben wird.
\newtheorem{axiom}{Axiom}[section]
%\newtheorem{axiom}{Fakt}[chapter]			% Wenn in Deutsch geschrieben wird.
%Usage:%\begin{axiom}[optional description]%Main part%\end{fakt}

\theoremstyle{definition}
\newtheorem{definition}{Definition}[section]

%Additional types of axioms:
\newtheorem{lemma}[axiom]{Lemma}
\newtheorem{observation}[axiom]{Observation}

%Additional types of definitions:
\theoremstyle{remark}
%\newtheorem{remark}[definition]{Bemerkung} % Wenn in Deutsch geschrieben wird.
\newtheorem{remark}[definition]{Remark}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Provides TODOs within the margin:
\newcommand{\TODO}[1]{\marginpar{\emph{\small{{\bf TODO: } #1}}}}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Abbreviations and mathematical symbols
\newcommand{\modd}{\text{ mod }}
\newcommand{\RS}{\mathbb{R}}
\newcommand{\NS}{\mathbb{N}}
\newcommand{\ZS}{\mathbb{Z}}
\newcommand{\dnormal}{\mathit{N}}
\newcommand{\duniform}{\mathit{U}}

\newcommand{\erdos}{Erd\H{o}s}
\newcommand{\renyi}{-R\'{e}nyi}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Document:
\begin{document}
\renewcommand{\headheight}{14.5pt}

%\fancyhead{}
%\fancyhead[LE]{ \slshape \trauthor}
%\fancyhead[LO]{}
%\fancyhead[RE]{}
%\fancyhead[RO]{ \slshape \trtitle}
\lehead{\slshape \trauthor}
\rohead{\slshape \trtitle}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Cover Header:
\begin{titlepage}
	\begin{flushleft}
		Universit\"at Hamburg\\
		Department Informatik\\
		\trarbeitsbereich\\
	\end{flushleft}
	\vspace{3.5cm}
	\begin{center}
		\huge \trtitle\\
	\end{center}
	\vspace{3.5cm}
	\begin{center}
		\normalsize\trtype\\
		[0.2cm]
		\Large\trcourse\\
		[1.5cm]
		\Large \trauthor\\
		[0.2cm]
		\normalsize Matr.Nr. \trmatrikelnummer\\
		[0.2cm]
		\normalsize\tremail\\
		[1.5cm]
		\Large \trdate
	\end{center}
	\vfill
\end{titlepage}

	%backsite of cover sheet is empty!
\thispagestyle{empty}
\hspace{1cm}
\newpage

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Abstract:

% Abstract gives a brief summary of the main points of a paper:
\section*{Abstract}
  Your text here...

% Lists:
\setcounter{tocdepth}{2} 					% depth of the table of contents (for Seminars 2 is recommented)
\tableofcontents
\pagenumbering{arabic}
\clearpage

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Content:

% the actual content, usually separated over a number of sections
% each section is assigned a label, in order to be able to put a
% crossreference to it

\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}

Autonomous robots need to adapt to new situations. They have a need to learn
for an entire life. In order to do this they need a second environmental feedback
loop that tells them when to learn.\cite{Toutounji2016}

The learning poses another problem as well. The previously learned weights
are usually largely forgotten, which is known as catastrophic forgetting.\cite{French1999}

Since catastrophic forgetting is a key problem for autonomous learning, it is
crucial to overcome it. In this paper I will present some approaches for
learning in an autonomous setup to analyse which of them if any can overcome
catastrophic forgetting. Attempts to overcome that were made by
Kirkpatrick\cite{Kirkpatrick2017}, Velez\cite{Velez2017} and Shmelkov\cite{Shmelkov2017}.

\section{Neuromodulation}
\label{sec:neuromodulation}

Neuromodulation is a way to implement the second environmental feedback loop.
A Modulated Neural Network (MNN) contains neuromodulator cells (NMC), which are
attached to carrier neurons with a modulatory subnetwork (MSN).

Neuromodulation can also be done based upon Diffusion.

\section{Plasticity}
\label{sec:plasticity}

Plasticity can be realized by various approaches. Here three approaches are
presented, Modulated Random Search, Modulated Gaussian Walk and Diffusion based
neuromodulation.

\subsection{Modulated Random Search}
\label{subsec:mrs}

Does things.

\subsection{Modulated Gaussian Walk}
\label{subsec:mgw}

Does things more efficient.

\subsection{Localized learning}
\label{subsec:diffusion}

Velez describe another approach that employs
modularity for the learning. Essentially this results in task-specific localized
learning and functional modules for each subtask.

\section{Comparison regarding catastrophic forgetting}
\label{sec:comparison}

Modulated Random Search is not at all useful for overcoming catastrophic forgetting.
Modulated Gaussian Walk improves to that end.
Localized learning overcomes catastrophic forgetting for small
networks.

\section{Conclusion}
\label{sec:concl}

A second environmental feedback loop is important to tell autonomous systems
when to learn. But the method to learn is important as well to be any use
in a practical environment. A comparison has shown that localized learning
can overcome catastrophic forgetting for small networks.

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% hier werden - zum Ende des Textes - die bibliographischen Referenzen
% eingebunden
%
% Insbesondere stehen die eigentlichen Informationen in der Datei
% ``bib.bib''
%
\newpage
\printbibliography
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Bibliography}% Add to the TOC

\end{document}